Improvement in drills for artesian wells



JOHN ANDREWS, OF WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IIVIPROVEMENTVIN DRILL-S FOR ARTESIAN WELLS.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 12,663, dated April 10,1855.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JOHN ANDREWS, of Winchester, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Drills for Drilling and Boring Vertically inRocks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the annexed drawings, making partof thisspecification, in which- 1 Figure l is a view of a rock-drill with myimprovements attached; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section throughthe same; Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6, details, which will be referred tohereinafter.

In boring beneath the surface of the earth for .the purpose of sinkingArtesian wells andother similar works the angers and drills have eitherbeen attached to a flexible chain or to a rigid iron bar, the joints ofwhich were added as the bore descended. In the former case it was notfound practicable to rotate the drill, as becomes necessary when thebore is sunk through rocks, and in the latter oase, although the drillwas rotated without difficulty, the operation of raising it to clear outthe pod was extremely tedious, as each joint of the bar required to bedetached as it was raised and reattached as the auger or drilldescended'to its Work.

The nature of my invention consists in the use of a chain of peculiarconstruction, which, while'it is sufficiently rigid to enable thedrillto be turned, is capable of being bent in one direction, and may thus bewound 'upon a drum or windlass for the purpose of raising the drill.

My invention also consists in a peculiar method of rotating the drillwithout turning the rod or chain.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I willproceed to describe the method which I have adopted of carrying it ont.

B is the drill, which is secured to the Weight C in any appropriatemanner. The pod D is carried -by the drill and rises and. falls with it,the pulverized stone entering at the holes a to the interior of the pod.

E are Vertical arms, which rise from the Weight C and support thecog-wheel F. This Wheeltogether with the weight C, rotates with thedrill.

The parts above which do not rotate will now be described.

H is a short metallic bar secured to the extremity of the chain.

I is a collar, which is attachedto the bar H by the straps b and risesand falls with it. Within the collar I slides the short shaft K, whichis prevented from turning by the pin c in the vertical groove d. Thevertical motions of the collar I and shaft K with respect to each otherare limited by the screw f. The lower extremity of the shaft K passesthrough the cog-Wheel F, and is secured by the Washer g and pin z' insuch a manner that While the cog-wheel and shaft rise and fall togetherthe former is permitted to turn freelyT upon the latter.

L is a pinion upon a short shaft m, which runs in an enlargement of theshaft K. To the shaft 'm is secured the ratchet-wheel q, with the teethof which engages the pawl n. This pawl vibrates upon a pin Z, projectingfrom an arm of the collar 19, which fits loosely upon the shaft m. Thecollar p is connected by the rod o to the collar I.

The operation of these parts is as follows: When the drill is raised,the shaft K and the parts connected therewith remain stationary untilthe collar I strikes the pin f. At the same time, through theconnections already explained, the shaft m and its pinion L are causedto make a portion of a revolution each time the drill is raised. Thepinion L engages with the Wheel F, and thus this wheel and the part-sconnected therewith, including the drill, are caused to rotate. Thechain which I employ is composed of a succession of fiat links withflaps s (seen detached in Fig. 3) and secured together by suitablejointpins. The chain thus constructed may be bent in one direction, butwill be rigid in all others, and it is evident thatwhile it may be woundupon a windlass or drum for the purpose of raising the drill it willalso possess sufficient rigidity to prevent it from twisting.

to seonio by Letters Patent, s-

T is ft metallic caso or covering which suring, essentially, of thecog-Wheel F und pinl'ounds the operating parts and protects them l ionL, with the parts which sot them in n10- from dust and injury. tion,constructed and operating in the man- XVhat claim. :ts my invention, anddesirs l nel' substantially as herein set forth.

1. The use of a stiff Chain for the purpose JOHN ANDREWS.

of operating it rook-drill 01.'. other Artosiz-tn Y Witnesses:

boter, in the manner set forth. JONATHAN ANDREWS,

2. The devioo for rotating the dril, oonsst- G. W. JOHNSON.

